AI Overview
The ramparts of the Bombay Fort refer to the massive stone defensive walls, moats, and fortified gates that the British East India Company built between 1686 and 1743 to protect the original settlement of Bombay.
The term "rampart" simply means a protective defensive wall. In the context of Mumbai, these key aspects define its history and geography:
- What they were: Broad-topped stone barriers surrounded by a large moat and a wide open space called the Esplanade. Entry and exit were controlled through three main gates: Apollo Gate, Church Gate, and Bazaar Gate.
- Why they no longer exist: As Bombay’s trade boomed, the population outgrew the confinement of the walls. Between 1862 and 1864, Governor Sir Bartle Frere ordered the demolition of the ramparts to allow the city to expand, leading to the construction of modern boulevards and public buildings.
- Lasting Legacy: The historic district of South Mumbai is still known as "The Fort". The location of the former eastern defensive wall famously became Rampart Row (now K. Dubash Marg in Kala Ghoda), and names like Churchgate memorialize the exact location of the old fort's church gate.
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