a streamline narrow-gauge steam locomotive No. 5343. It belonged to
quite unremarkable C53 class of Japanese Government Railways (today
JNR), built by Kisha-Seizo and Kawasaki Works for 1,067mm gauge. From
1928 through 1931, 97 C53s entered service.
Nothing special, as you see - just a diminutive version of the
Pacific (with 4-6-2 wheel arrangement), so popular in the Interbellum
years.
This machine was quite slow, achieving top speed of only 95 km/h. But who cares for performance when you've got the looks?
The 5343 lost its shrouding and then went to the scrappers (its non-streamline "brother", the 5345, is preserved at the Umekoji Steam Locomotive Museum). Nowadays it became the railway modelists' darling:
=============================================
1930s, belgium, design, rail, steam, streamline, transportation
=========================================
1930s, design, rail, steam, streamline, transportation, us
The streamlined Art Deco styled shell of the locomotive was designed by Raymond Loewy. In 1937, Pennsylvania Railroad officials decided to build a new passenger locomotive to replace its aging K4s locomotive. The PRR officials also hoped that the new S1 steam locomotive would have performance equal to their GG1 electric locomotive.
The S1 was the only locomotive ever built to use a 6-4-4-6 wheel arrangement. Also, the S1 class was a duplex locomotive, meaning that it had two pairs of cylinders, each driving two pairs of driving wheels.
The S1 was completed January 31, 1939 and was assigned locomotive number 6100. It was the largest express passenger locomotive ever constructed, with an overall length was 140 feet 2½ inches (42.74 m). At 77 feet (23 m) long and a weight of 97,600 pounds (44.3 t), the cast steel locomotive bed plate made by General Steel Castings was the largest single-piece casting ever made for a locomotive application.
The S1 class locomotive was so large that it could not negotiate the track clearances on most of the lines of the PRR system. In its brief service life it was restricted to the main line between Chicago, Illinois and Crestline, Ohio. It was assigned to the Fort Wayne Division and based at the Crestline enginehouse.
Ony one C53 was fitted with streamline shrouding in the mid-'30s.
Of 62 C55-class locomotives (also narrow-gauge Pacifics), built between 1935 and 1937, 21 were finished as streamliners.
They were soon reverted to a "conventional" form. I could not found a photograph of C55 streamliner, but there are models:
Ironically, it was a non-streamline
C62-class No. 17 that set the world speed record for a narrow-gauge
steam locomotive on December 15, 1954 when it reached 129 km/h (80 mph)
on the Tōkaidō Main Line.
===========================================Pullman Railplane
A single railcar that started a new era:
It is Pullman-Standard Railplane, designed by William Stout (who is also responsible for the famous Stout Scarab minivan and well-forgotten Scarab bus).
Feeling the effects of the Depression and declining business, America's railroads (in the 1930s) were looking for ways to reinvigorate passenger travel. As Ralph Budd, president of the Chicago Burlington & Quincy, later explained, railroads had to continue running trains on short routes to handle mail and baggage "whether or not anyone rides the trains." After seeing GM's powerful diesel engines, Budd concluded that what the railroads needed was a new kind of train that was fast, convenient, ultramodern and luxurious enough to fire the public imagination. The Union Pacific Railroad also saw the two exhibits and came to similar conclusions. A race was on to see which of the two railroads would be the first to develop an ultramodern diesel passenger train.
With the engine technology of the day, the new trains had to be
lightweight. To get the most out of the available power, the trains were
streamlined. The Union Pacific selected the University of Michigan to find the best aerodynamic shape while CB&Q
turned to M.I.T.. The new designs looked like nothing else that had
ridden the rails. They looked more like Buck Rogers's space ship than a
train. People were tired of living in the Depression and they were ready
for a change. These radical new designs, no doubt, capitalized on it.
In 1933, the Pullman Car & Manufacturing Company constructed the
Railplane to Stout's design (some improvements were later patented by
the company, see the positives below). This was merely Stout's familiar
triangulated space-frame aircraft fuselage, this time adapted to
railroad use. Here too, he was able to preserve his all-time important
triumvirate: simplicity, practicality and comfort.
The
self-propelled car had an aluminum body, 60' in length. It was
exhibited at the Chicago World's fair 1934 and then leased to the Gulf,
Mobile & Northern in 1935 for service between Tylertown and Jackson,
Mississippi. The Railplane is principally known as a test vehicle
although it saw some small commercial service.
By comparison to conventional railcars, the ride was superb, engine
noise and fumes were all but eliminated and the seating arrangement -
using aircraft-type seats as fitted to the Scarab automobile - made the
Railplane quite luxurious.
From the railroad point of view, all running gear could be easily
serviced from outside, tracks and roadbed lasted longer and operating
costs were significantly less. Despite proven advantages, there were no
buyers. Union Pacific ordered a three-car version (future City of Salina) , but that's as far as it went.
Feeling the effects of the Depression and declining business, America's railroads (in the 1930s) were looking for ways to reinvigorate passenger travel. As Ralph Budd, president of the Chicago Burlington & Quincy, later explained, railroads had to continue running trains on short routes to handle mail and baggage "whether or not anyone rides the trains." After seeing GM's powerful diesel engines, Budd concluded that what the railroads needed was a new kind of train that was fast, convenient, ultramodern and luxurious enough to fire the public imagination. The Union Pacific Railroad also saw the two exhibits and came to similar conclusions. A race was on to see which of the two railroads would be the first to develop an ultramodern diesel passenger train.
The
self-propelled car had an aluminum body, 60' in length. It was
exhibited at the Chicago World's fair 1934 and then leased to the Gulf,
Mobile & Northern in 1935 for service between Tylertown and Jackson,
Mississippi. The Railplane is principally known as a test vehicle
although it saw some small commercial service.
It weighed 20 per cent as much as a
conventional railroad car, but using only two minuscule (by railroad
standards) 320-hp six-cylinder truck engines, was able to hit 100 miles
per hour, while delivering 5 miles per gallon. The secrets were streamlining and weight.
The entire Railplane weighed little more than a single four-wheel
suspension "truck" of a standard railcar. By comparison, two men could
lift the space-frame "truck" from the Railplane, and Stout found it
necessary to mount the engines - one to each truck - directly to the
carriers thereby increasing unsprung weight for acceptable ride.
Like the Railplane, the UP train was constructed out of aluminum.
In the other corner, CB&Q looked to a new comer on the railcar
scene, Edward G. Budd Manufacturing Company (no relationship to Ralph
Budd). Budd had been producing auto-bodies before the Great Depression;
however, with business down, they decided to diversify and construct a
light weight, stainless steel railcar. They finished their first coach in 1932.
The stainless steel coach was made possible because the Budd
Manufacturing Co. had developed the first successful method of welding
stainless steel only a few years earlier.
Toy Railplane:
=============================================
1930s, belgium, design, rail, steam, streamline, transportation
A class of six Atlantics (Class 12)
was introduced in May 1939 by SNCB, the state Belgian railways, to haul
trains from Brussels to Ostend – 70.8 miles – in one hour exactly, with a
60 second stop in Bruges. They were designed by Raoul Notesse
and modeled after 4-4-4 Canadian Pacific locomotives (minus one axle).
Mr. Notesse delivered a light, sound and rather conservative design,
mostly ignoring American and French innovations of the time.
&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2F9%2F92%2FNmbstype12.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSNCB_Type_12&docid=fo7EAomKhoW0gM&tbnid=xnlrpTvb4wh0DM&vet=12ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECA8QAA..i&w=350&h=228&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECA8QAA)
&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fi.pinimg.com%2F736x%2F99%2Fa0%2Fce%2F99a0ce78b594fc7771acdcf063f6058a.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pinterest.com%2Fpin%2F137219119876573021%2F&docid=TtubVnVTJ4-GUM&tbnid=_qb88Hj08--ITM&vet=12ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECGIQAA..i&w=640&h=416&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECGIQAA)
&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fthebeautyoftransport.files.wordpress.com%2F2013%2F05%2F03-dan-with-duchess-of-hamilton.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fthebeautyoftransport.com%2F2013%2F05%2F29%2Fstreamline-dreams-streamline-moderne-on-the-railways%2F&docid=rTAi82cidguf6M&tbnid=sSeIHo-pIKuXOM&vet=12ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECA4QAA..i&w=3139&h=2081&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECA4QAA)
&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fthebeautyoftransport.files.wordpress.com%2F2013%2F05%2Fhudson_locomotive_for_the_new_york_central.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fthebeautyoftransport.com%2F2013%2F05%2F29%2Fstreamline-dreams-streamline-moderne-on-the-railways%2F&docid=rTAi82cidguf6M&tbnid=m_o5v_FisVDjdM&vet=12ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECEMQAA..i&w=750&h=497&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECEMQAA)
&imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geocities.ws%2Ffredpipes%2Ftrains%2Fimages%2Fbelgian.jpg&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geocities.ws%2Ffredpipes%2Ftrains%2Fbelgian.html&docid=EDxVS5z39NUsVM&tbnid=JrA7uYN3gxccaM&vet=12ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECEcQAA..i&w=432&h=234&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECEcQAA)
&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fpreviews.agefotostock.com%2Fpreviewimage%2Fmedibigoff%2F942bc10f17c7ce7407f9fa8767ff9a94%2Fmev-11070711.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.agefotostock.com%2Fage%2Fen%2Fdetails-photo%2Fstunning-green-streamlined-atlantic-type-locomotive-on-the-brussels-liege-express-belgium%2FMEV-11070711&docid=FwrmRG5Bt3IpfM&tbnid=p9jO8FbO7gPQ5M&vet=12ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECGwQAA..i&w=1050&h=795&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECGwQAA)
&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fen%2Fthumb%2Fa%2Fab%2FQ_class.jpg%2F300px-Q_class.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F4-6-2&docid=P5pPtpK-UOizeM&tbnid=TehdeSN1kQWj4M&vet=12ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECG8QAA..i&w=300&h=149&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECG8QAA)
&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fc8.alamy.com%2Fcomp%2F2A2WE64%2Fnegative-victoria-circa-1930-the-consolidation-c-class-2-8-0-type-steam-locomotive-no12-the-c-class-locomotives-were-built-by-the-victorian-railways-newport-workshops-between-1918-1926-and-were-used-as-goods-locomotives-in-this-image-no12-is-shown-pulled-up-at-a-station-2A2WE64.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alamy.com%2Fstock-photo%2Fsteam-locomotive-1930.html&docid=KkeXfKjoFNgACM&tbnid=pz4vEiVkiIgkwM&vet=12ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECEYQAA..i&w=1300&h=834&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECEYQAA)
&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fthebeautyoftransport.files.wordpress.com%2F2013%2F05%2Fnew_york_central_20th_century_limited_1938.jpg%3Fw%3D768%26h%3D973&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fthebeautyoftransport.com%2F2013%2F05%2F29%2Fstreamline-dreams-streamline-moderne-on-the-railways%2F&docid=rTAi82cidguf6M&tbnid=6bJi2ckdH0pcPM&vet=12ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECGcQAA..i&w=739&h=937&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECGcQAA)
&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2F4%2F4e%2FSAR_Class_16DA_879_Orange_River_-_130479.jpg%2F220px-SAR_Class_16DA_879_Orange_River_-_130479.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F4-6-2&docid=P5pPtpK-UOizeM&tbnid=A3_pkVwcfj3JzM&vet=12ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECGkQAA..i&w=220&h=143&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiV0dDmpoKGAxX5fWwGHe5WCJwQM3oECGkQAA)
Their casing has been obviously inspired by British 'baby whale' streamliners
of the London Midland and Scottish Railway, except for the addition of
huge smoke deflectors.
The front part opened like a gate (or closet
doors), simplifying maintenance.
One of them, 12.004, is preserved in Louvain.
One of them, 12.004, is preserved in Louvain.
Restored in 1980s, it soon
needed another restoration. Judging on the photographs made last year,
it is in good (though probably not in fully working) condition.
Now, as usual, some models:
1930s, design, rail, steam, streamline, transportation, us
The PRR S1 experimental steam locomotive (nicknamed "The Big Engine") was the largest rigid frame passenger locomotive ever built.
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The streamlined Art Deco styled shell of the locomotive was designed by Raymond Loewy. In 1937, Pennsylvania Railroad officials decided to build a new passenger locomotive to replace its aging K4s locomotive. The PRR officials also hoped that the new S1 steam locomotive would have performance equal to their GG1 electric locomotive.
_2_(26546498963).jpg){kind=small}
In
a collaborative effort, the Pennsylvania Railroad, Baldwin Locomotive
Works, the Lima Locomotive Works and the American Locomotive Company
contributed to the experimental S1 design.
The S1 was the only locomotive ever built to use a 6-4-4-6 wheel arrangement. Also, the S1 class was a duplex locomotive, meaning that it had two pairs of cylinders, each driving two pairs of driving wheels.
Unlike similar-looking articulated locomotive designs, the driven
wheelbase of the S1 was rigid.
The S1 was completed January 31, 1939 and was assigned locomotive number 6100. It was the largest express passenger locomotive ever constructed, with an overall length was 140 feet 2½ inches (42.74 m). At 77 feet (23 m) long and a weight of 97,600 pounds (44.3 t), the cast steel locomotive bed plate made by General Steel Castings was the largest single-piece casting ever made for a locomotive application.
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.%20At%2077%20feet%20(23%20m)%20long%20and%20a%20weight%20of%2097%2C600%20pounds%20(44.3%20t)&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fblogger.googleusercontent.com%2Fimg%2Fb%2FR29vZ2xl%2FAVvXsEgSWfYXbpYMRDrs5kKXGckFaMLxOEpKgiYfOSA0-osxAvI2afC4tWILSufxzoIAIDRPyx-EgFvQBzJcrWophc95uytvmwP0D6P97XurNNGtRrFWWjVPgWtU_lTrx6EH76D-GhAiGUx_LfTh%2Fw1200-h630-p-k-no-nu%2FPRR%2BS1_1939%2BWorlds%2BFair_tatteredandlost.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Ftatteredandlostphotographs.blogspot.com%2F2010%2F09%2Fbig-engine-prr-s1-at-1939-worlds-fair.html&docid=2BJoX9fms_TVXM&tbnid=Cqbc6KmaD_BxJM&vet=12ahUKEwjSoub7qIKGAxVKfWwGHYmaAccQM3oECCwQAA..i&w=800&h=420&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwjSoub7qIKGAxVKfWwGHYmaAccQM3oECCwQAA)
.%20At%2077%20feet%20(23%20m)%20long%20and%20a%20weight%20of%2097%2C600%20pounds%20(44.3%20t)&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fstatic.wikia.nocookie.net%2Frailofwar%2Fimages%2F8%2F8c%2FLoewy-S1.jpg%2Frevision%2Flatest%2Fsmart%2Fwidth%2F386%2Fheight%2F259%3Fcb%3D20200227112002&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Flocomotive.fandom.com%2Fwiki%2FPennsylvania_No._6100&docid=1y7pRqmlXEzKgM&tbnid=SdNr7pFXUOnigM&vet=12ahUKEwjSoub7qIKGAxVKfWwGHYmaAccQM3oECG0QAA..i&w=386&h=259&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwjSoub7qIKGAxVKfWwGHYmaAccQM3oECG0QAA)
.%20At%2077%20feet%20(23%20m)%20long%20and%20a%20weight%20of%2097%2C600%20pounds%20(44.3%20t)&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2F9%2F95%2FGloucester_GW_Locomotive_Depot_geograph-2547177-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FGWR_3150_Class&docid=db1xXL_GwIB6pM&tbnid=3nvG_Yw_RN3RZM&vet=12ahUKEwjSoub7qIKGAxVKfWwGHYmaAccQM3oECFAQAA..i&w=2188&h=1448&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwjSoub7qIKGAxVKfWwGHYmaAccQM3oECFAQAA)
The
boiler unit for the S1 was the largest built by the Pennsylvania
Railroad. The six-wheel leading and trailing trucks were added, as the
locomotive's design became too heavy for four-wheel units. However, the
locomotive was still overweight by a significant margin. The streamlined
Art Deco styled shell of the locomotive was designed by Raymond Loewy,
for which he received U.S. Patent No. 2,128,490. The final construction
cost for the S1 was $669,780.00.
The
S1 was displayed at the New York World's Fair of 1939 with the
lettering "American Railroads" rather than "Pennsylvania Railroad", as
27 eastern railroads had one combined 17-acre (6.9 ha) exhibit, which
also included the Baltimore & Ohio's duplex locomotive. To reach the
New York World's Fair, the S1 took a circuitous route over the Long
Island Rail Road. Many obstacles had to be temporarily removed and other
obstacles were passed at a slow crawl to reach the fairgrounds.
%20exhibit%2C%20which%20also%20included%20the%20Baltimore%20%26%20Ohio%27s%20duplex%20locomotive.%20&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2F0%2F06%2FPRR_S1.jpg%2F350px-PRR_S1.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPennsylvania_Railroad_class_S1&docid=7vbQIYpLo_IWbM&tbnid=MvX1nWmtty8Y6M&vet=12ahUKEwiFrdi7qYKGAxV5UGwGHbcfBucQM3oECBYQAA..i&w=350&h=181&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiFrdi7qYKGAxV5UGwGHbcfBucQM3oECBYQAA)
%20exhibit%2C%20which%20also%20included%20the%20Baltimore%20%26%20Ohio%27s%20duplex%20locomotive.%20&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2F7%2F73%2FPennsylvania_Railroad_Class_S1_No.6100_hauling_the_Liberty_Limited_eastbound_in_April_1941.jpg%2F640px-Pennsylvania_Railroad_Class_S1_No.6100_hauling_the_Liberty_Limited_eastbound_in_April_1941.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wikiwand.com%2Fen%2FPennsylvania_Railroad_class_S1&docid=1zvNamjRpenWaM&tbnid=lqpi46PirIX6LM&vet=12ahUKEwiFrdi7qYKGAxV5UGwGHbcfBucQM3oECDEQAA..i&w=640&h=326&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiFrdi7qYKGAxV5UGwGHbcfBucQM3oECDEQAA)
%20exhibit%2C%20which%20also%20included%20the%20Baltimore%20%26%20Ohio%27s%20duplex%20locomotive.%20&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fblogger.googleusercontent.com%2Fimg%2Fb%2FR29vZ2xl%2FAVvXsEgSWfYXbpYMRDrs5kKXGckFaMLxOEpKgiYfOSA0-osxAvI2afC4tWILSufxzoIAIDRPyx-EgFvQBzJcrWophc95uytvmwP0D6P97XurNNGtRrFWWjVPgWtU_lTrx6EH76D-GhAiGUx_LfTh%2Fw1200-h630-p-k-no-nu%2FPRR%2BS1_1939%2BWorlds%2BFair_tatteredandlost.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Ftatteredandlostphotographs.blogspot.com%2F2010%2F09%2Fbig-engine-prr-s1-at-1939-worlds-fair.html&docid=2BJoX9fms_TVXM&tbnid=Cqbc6KmaD_BxJM&vet=12ahUKEwiFrdi7qYKGAxV5UGwGHbcfBucQM3oECEMQAA..i&w=800&h=420&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiFrdi7qYKGAxV5UGwGHbcfBucQM3oECEMQAA)
%20exhibit%2C%20which%20also%20included%20the%20Baltimore%20%26%20Ohio%27s%20duplex%20locomotive.%20&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fstatic.wikia.nocookie.net%2Frailofwar%2Fimages%2F8%2F8c%2FLoewy-S1.jpg%2Frevision%2Flatest%2Fsmart%2Fwidth%2F386%2Fheight%2F259%3Fcb%3D20200227112002&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Flocomotive.fandom.com%2Fwiki%2FPennsylvania_No._6100&docid=1y7pRqmlXEzKgM&tbnid=SdNr7pFXUOnigM&vet=12ahUKEwiFrdi7qYKGAxV5UGwGHbcfBucQM3oECDIQAA..i&w=386&h=259&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiFrdi7qYKGAxV5UGwGHbcfBucQM3oECDIQAA)
%20exhibit%2C%20which%20also%20included%20the%20Baltimore%20%26%20Ohio%27s%20duplex%20locomotive.%20&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fen%2Fthumb%2F4%2F49%2FS1_boiler.jpg%2F320px-S1_boiler.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wikiwand.com%2Fen%2FPennsylvania_Railroad_class_S1&docid=1zvNamjRpenWaM&tbnid=UR5QmH3kMGJNAM&vet=12ahUKEwiFrdi7qYKGAxV5UGwGHbcfBucQM3oECDwQAA..i&w=320&h=222&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiFrdi7qYKGAxV5UGwGHbcfBucQM3oECDwQAA)
The S1 class locomotive was so large that it could not negotiate the track clearances on most of the lines of the PRR system. In its brief service life it was restricted to the main line between Chicago, Illinois and Crestline, Ohio. It was assigned to the Fort Wayne Division and based at the Crestline enginehouse.
The
S1 hauled passenger trains such as The General and The Trailblazer on
this route. Crews liked the S1, partly because of its very smooth ride.
The great mass and inertia of the locomotive soaked up the bumps and the
surging often experienced with duplex locomotives.
It
was hoped that the locomotive could haul 1,000 tons at 100 miles per
hour, but this goal was not reached. There are apocryphal stories of the
S1 reaching or exceeding 140 miles per hour, but there is no
documentation of this and it is considered unlikely by experts.[7] Its
high speed capability was such that some have claimed the S1 may have
even exceeded the 126 mph (203 km/h) record steam locomotive speed set
in 1938 by the LNER locomotive Mallard. The locomotive was also
rumoured to have operated at speeds exceeding 156 mph on the Fort
Wayne-Chicago Railroad, as it was rumoured that the PRR received a fine
posted by an interlocking tower on the division, proving the claim.
However, it appears that no verifiable records are available to
authenticate the claims.
Wikipedia article contains a special and rather lengthy Design Flaws section. I'd better turn to another source: Wes Barris' Steam Locomotive website. "While being an impressive puller, - Wes writes, - the 6100 turned out to be too long for most of the PRR trackage and turntables. It ended up in service only between Chicago and Crestline, OH. Even so, the 6100 proved to be both a public relations success <...> as well as a great learning tool for the T-1s that would be designed later.
6100 was taken out of service in 1944 (after only four years of service) and scrapped in 1949. To really appreciate how long this locomotive was, you must first have a frame of reference. Consider the Big Boy. The Big Boy was generally considered to be the "largest" steam locomotive ever. It was over 132 feet long. Unlike the Big Boy, the S-1 was not an articulated locomotive, yet, it was a whopping 140 feet long! I don't know what its designers were thinking, but the length of this locomotive was partly to blame for its failure. "
%20record%20steam%20locomotive%20speed%20set%20in%201938%20by%20the%20LNER%20locomotive%20Mallard.%20The%20locomotive%20was%20also%20rumoured%20to%20have%20operated%20at%20speeds%20exceeding%20156%20mph%20on%20the%20Fort%20Wayne-Chicago%20Railroad&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fen-academic.com%2Fpictures%2Fenwiki%2F80%2FPRR-S1-Loewy.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fen-academic.com%2Fdic.nsf%2Fenwiki%2F711162&docid=dueJDtKlCZYl2M&tbnid=8IKw8F8F6XD3BM&vet=12ahUKEwiujq__rYKGAxV_gFYBHc-bBUUQM3oECGEQAA..i&w=527&h=351&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiujq__rYKGAxV_gFYBHc-bBUUQM3oECGEQAA)
%20record%20steam%20locomotive%20speed%20set%20in%201938%20by%20the%20LNER%20locomotive%20Mallard.%20The%20locomotive%20was%20also%20rumoured%20to%20have%20operated%20at%20speeds%20exceeding%20156%20mph%20on%20the%20Fort%20Wayne-Chicago%20Railroad&imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jitterbuzz.com%2Fstrml%2FM10000_patent_sm.jpg&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jitterbuzz.com%2Fstream.html&docid=Fq7NP1yEM-u1_M&tbnid=OmUW4syRoOJB9M&vet=12ahUKEwiujq__rYKGAxV_gFYBHc-bBUUQM3oECEQQAA..i&w=326&h=216&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiujq__rYKGAxV_gFYBHc-bBUUQM3oECEQQAA)
%20record%20steam%20locomotive%20speed%20set%20in%201938%20by%20the%20LNER%20locomotive%20Mallard.%20The%20locomotive%20was%20also%20rumoured%20to%20have%20operated%20at%20speeds%20exceeding%20156%20mph%20on%20the%20Fort%20Wayne-Chicago%20Railroad&imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jitterbuzz.com%2Fstrml%2Fguildsman_zephyrs_sm.jpg&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jitterbuzz.com%2Fstream.html&docid=Fq7NP1yEM-u1_M&tbnid=Jj81M1kXfZk2gM&vet=12ahUKEwiujq__rYKGAxV_gFYBHc-bBUUQM3oECEUQAA..i&w=338&h=216&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiujq__rYKGAxV_gFYBHc-bBUUQM3oECEUQAA)
%20record%20steam%20locomotive%20speed%20set%20in%201938%20by%20the%20LNER%20locomotive%20Mallard.%20The%20locomotive%20was%20also%20rumoured%20to%20have%20operated%20at%20speeds%20exceeding%20156%20mph%20on%20the%20Fort%20Wayne-Chicago%20Railroad&imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jitterbuzz.com%2Fstrml%2Fzephyr_model.jpg&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jitterbuzz.com%2Fstream.html&docid=Fq7NP1yEM-u1_M&tbnid=6N7fPvYu7agtZM&vet=12ahUKEwiujq__rYKGAxV_gFYBHc-bBUUQM3oECHAQAA..i&w=360&h=284&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiujq__rYKGAxV_gFYBHc-bBUUQM3oECHAQAA)
%20record%20steam%20locomotive%20speed%20set%20in%201938%20by%20the%20LNER%20locomotive%20Mallard.%20The%20locomotive%20was%20also%20rumoured%20to%20have%20operated%20at%20speeds%20exceeding%20156%20mph%20on%20the%20Fort%20Wayne-Chicago%20Railroad&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2Fs4qmOA4OOHU%2Fmaxresdefault.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddit.com%2Fr%2FAskHistorians%2Fcomments%2F4z7h9l%2Fin_back_to_the_future_iii_the_protagonists_modify%2F&docid=HlufdikXo0oKcM&tbnid=5GNf938O-nc_7M&vet=12ahUKEwiujq__rYKGAxV_gFYBHc-bBUUQM3oECDUQAA..i&w=1280&h=720&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiujq__rYKGAxV_gFYBHc-bBUUQM3oECDUQAA)
Wikipedia article contains a special and rather lengthy Design Flaws section. I'd better turn to another source: Wes Barris' Steam Locomotive website. "While being an impressive puller, - Wes writes, - the 6100 turned out to be too long for most of the PRR trackage and turntables. It ended up in service only between Chicago and Crestline, OH. Even so, the 6100 proved to be both a public relations success <...> as well as a great learning tool for the T-1s that would be designed later.
6100 was taken out of service in 1944 (after only four years of service) and scrapped in 1949. To really appreciate how long this locomotive was, you must first have a frame of reference. Consider the Big Boy. The Big Boy was generally considered to be the "largest" steam locomotive ever. It was over 132 feet long. Unlike the Big Boy, the S-1 was not an articulated locomotive, yet, it was a whopping 140 feet long! I don't know what its designers were thinking, but the length of this locomotive was partly to blame for its failure. "
%20and%20scrapped%20in%201949.%20To%20really%20appreciate%20how%20long%20this%20locomotive%20was%2C%20you%20must%20first%20have%20a%20frame%20of%20reference.%20Consider%20the%20Big%20Boy.%20The%20Big%20Boy%20was%20generally%20considered%20to%20be%20the%20%22largest%22%20steam%20locomotive%20ever.%20It%20was%20over%20132%20feet%20long.%20Unlike%20the%20Big%20Boy%2C%20the%20S-1%20was%20not%20an%20articulated%20locomotive%2C%20yet%2C%20it%20was%20a%20whopping%20140%20feet%20long!%20I%20don%27t%20know%20what%20its%20designers%20were%20thinking%2C%20but%20the%20length%20of%20this%20locomotive%20was%20partly%20to%20blame%20for%20its%20failure.%20&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.steamlocomotive.com%2Ftypes%2Fstreamlined%2Fcommodore.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.steamlocomotive.com%2Ftypes%2Fstreamlined%2F&docid=ArgwQCp-4R_4mM&tbnid=P16AvXA5jRNDyM&vet=12ahUKEwiRj_W2roKGAxXGplYBHV0mAmgQM3oECBQQAA..i&w=958&h=581&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiRj_W2roKGAxXGplYBHV0mAmgQM3oECBQQAA)
%20and%20scrapped%20in%201949.%20To%20really%20appreciate%20how%20long%20this%20locomotive%20was%2C%20you%20must%20first%20have%20a%20frame%20of%20reference.%20Consider%20the%20Big%20Boy.%20The%20Big%20Boy%20was%20generally%20considered%20to%20be%20the%20%22largest%22%20steam%20locomotive%20ever.%20It%20was%20over%20132%20feet%20long.%20Unlike%20the%20Big%20Boy%2C%20the%20S-1%20was%20not%20an%20articulated%20locomotive%2C%20yet%2C%20it%20was%20a%20whopping%20140%20feet%20long!%20I%20don%27t%20know%20what%20its%20designers%20were%20thinking%2C%20but%20the%20length%20of%20this%20locomotive%20was%20partly%20to%20blame%20for%20its%20failure.%20&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.steamlocomotive.com%2Ftypes%2Fstreamlined%2Fnyc5344.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.steamlocomotive.com%2Ftypes%2Fstreamlined%2F&docid=ArgwQCp-4R_4mM&tbnid=CtyMQGCg-rIdjM&vet=12ahUKEwiRj_W2roKGAxXGplYBHV0mAmgQM3oECG0QAA..i&w=640&h=469&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiRj_W2roKGAxXGplYBHV0mAmgQM3oECG0QAA)
%20and%20scrapped%20in%201949.%20To%20really%20appreciate%20how%20long%20this%20locomotive%20was%2C%20you%20must%20first%20have%20a%20frame%20of%20reference.%20Consider%20the%20Big%20Boy.%20The%20Big%20Boy%20was%20generally%20considered%20to%20be%20the%20%22largest%22%20steam%20locomotive%20ever.%20It%20was%20over%20132%20feet%20long.%20Unlike%20the%20Big%20Boy%2C%20the%20S-1%20was%20not%20an%20articulated%20locomotive%2C%20yet%2C%20it%20was%20a%20whopping%20140%20feet%20long!%20I%20don%27t%20know%20what%20its%20designers%20were%20thinking%2C%20but%20the%20length%20of%20this%20locomotive%20was%20partly%20to%20blame%20for%20its%20failure.%20&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.steamlocomotive.com%2Ftypes%2Fstreamlined%2Fnw601.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.steamlocomotive.com%2Ftypes%2Fstreamlined%2F&docid=ArgwQCp-4R_4mM&tbnid=k2Z8p3kmj_AYFM&vet=12ahUKEwiRj_W2roKGAxXGplYBHV0mAmgQM3oECGEQAA..i&w=1280&h=712&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwiRj_W2roKGAxXGplYBHV0mAmgQM3oECGEQAA)
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