Tuesday, January 5, 2016

Mahendra Peshwa, descendant of the legendary Maratha rulers{I may be a Peshwa descendant, but does it really mean anything}

Tagged Under | Peshwas | disinheritance | descendants | royalty | Pune
Royalty
It is a well-documented fact that as the Peshwas battled the British tooth and nail (Photo: Rahul Chandawarkar)

I may be a Peshwa descendant, but does it really mean anything in 2009? When a traffic policeman stops me today and checks my driving licence, he does not even raise an eyebrow. The name Peshwa means nothing to him. He couldn’t care less. And this, in Pune, a city from where my forefathers ruled large parts of India for nearly a hundred years.
Why just the policeman. I am a non-entity even at the Parvati hill temple, which houses the family’s Lord Shiva deity. I am not allowed to enter the sanctum to perform a puja, despite the temple being run by the Dev Deveshwar Sansthan trust started by Nanasaheb Peshwa, my forefather in 1749. Today, none of my family members is on the five-man committee and this prevents us from performing even a puja.
We have filed a case with the Charity Commissioner in Pune in 2001 demanding permanent places for at least two Peshwas on the committee, given the history of the trust. However, as is typical in India, no decision has been forthcoming from the commissioner for eight long years.
It is a well-documented fact that as the Peshwas battled the British tooth and nail, the British confiscated and destroyed all the Peshwa property in Pune, except the Parvati hill temple run by the Dev Deveshwar Sansthan.
Presently, the only property that our family owns is in far away Varanasi, where we have two small ghats and two temples, one dedicated to Lord Shiva and the other to Lord Ganesha. These temples and ghats were built by another of my forefathers, Amrutrao Peshwa, brother of Bajirao Peshwa II in 1807. I  go on an annual pilgrimage to Varanasi every winter. It is the best time of the year to visit, as the weather is cool.
Presently, my father and his brother, as direct descendants of the Peshwas get a pension of Rs 13,360 per annum each from the Government of India treasury in Allahabad. This amount is the interest calculated at 4 per cent on the promissory notes deposited by the Peshwas with the British in 1855.
According to my father, Krishnarao, the British confiscated 90 per cent of the promissory notes and all the gems and jewellery belonging to the Peshwas in 1855. We have been requesting the government to release the balance amount in the treasury or at least increase the rate of interest, but our requests have fallen on deaf ears so far.
However, in spite of all this, I am proud to be a Peshwa. Our forefathers ruled large parts of the country and it feels special to be part of a clan with so much history.
Today, I live in a modest apartment in the Karvenagar area of Pune with my wife and teenaged, college-going daughter. No luxury and riches for us. I ride an old scooter and when the family has to go out together, I use my father’s old, beat-up Maruti Suzuki 800 car. I also personally shop for vegetables, milk, bread and groceries every day.
In any case, there is nothing amiss here. The Peshwas themselves were never given to creature comforts. While Bajirao Peshwa I, did construct the Shaniwar wada, home and headquarters of the Peshwas in central Pune, not many Peshwas managed to enjoy its comforts. Least of all Bajirao Peshwa I himself. It is a well-known fact that Bajirao I,  was more on horseback fighting the enemy than relaxing at his home in Pune. Ditto with a majority of Peshwas who were always on the battlefield, fighting the enemy. Don’t forget that the Peshwa army actually went past Attock in present-day Pakistan.
I work as an engineering consultant and am an expert on special purpose machines. In all probability, you will find me rushing from one shop floor to the other on any given day, trying to attend to my clients’ complaints. Like the Peshwas of yore, no creature comforts for me, thank you. The only problem is that my clients and customers assume that I am a rich man and often tease me, saying, “You are a Peshwa, why do you need the money?”
As a child, I grew up on a diet of tales depicting Peshwa Bajirao I’s courage and valour. So quite naturally, he is my hero. Within a short span of just 20 years, he managed to take Shivaji’s concept of Swarajya ( freedom) and convert it to Samrajya (empire). Bajirao I, was the first Peshwa to take the Maratha army past Delhi and bring almost 70 per cent of India under Maharashtrian rule. He is also the only Peshwa to have never lost a battle.
Just how astute Bajirao was, can be gleaned from the manner in which he convincingly outwitted the Nizam of Hyderabad in the battle of Palkhed. A master strategist, Bajirao, with far less manpower and resources than the Nizam, managed to surround the Hyderabad ruler so completely, that the Hyderabadi ruler was forced to surrender without a drop of blood being shed.
I did my initial schooling in Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, a cantonment town where we had several friends in both the army and the air force. Coming from the Peshwa family, it was natural for me to be attracted to a career in the armed forces. I was a sergeant in the junior National Cadet Corps (NCC) in my military school in Pune, where I was adept at horse riding and shooting.
However, certain family circumstances prevented me from actually taking up a career in the armed forces after I completed school. I regret that even today. So much so, that if given even half a chance today, I would join the army in a flash.
The present state of Indian politics is simply revolting. I don’t like the manner in which this country is being run. If Bajirao I were to visit Pune today, he would have been appalled by the traffic congestion and the utter lack of town planning. He would also be aghast at the countless loopholes that exist in our policing system. Successive Peshwas, starting with him, had put in place a well worked-out system and plan for Pune.
He would have also been hurt by the class divide that exists in Maharashtra between the Brahmins and Marathas today, created by modern day politicians. In his time, the Peshwa army was not just made up of Marathas, Muslims were also part of it.
The class divide has reached such ridiculous proportions now that when present-day Maharashtrian politicians make speeches, they fast-forward directly from the era of Chhatrapati Shivaji to that of Mahatma Phule, as if the 100-year reign by the Brahmin Peshwas never even happened. Isn’t that downright ridiculous?
I was never really attracted to politics and hence, have never harboured any personal political ambitions. However, among the many political parties in India, I would be more inclined to vote for the BJP.
Nowadays, I get true solace whenever I visit the Shaniwar wada with friends and family for the ‘sound and light’ show depicting the history of the wada and the life of the Peshwas. It leaves me with a lump in the throat every single time. Much like watching the Republic Day parade in New Delhi.









It is a well-documented fact that as the Peshwas battled the British tooth and nail (Photo: Rahul Chandawarkar)I may be a Peshwa descendant, but does it

Third Battle of Panipat

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Friday, 1 January 2016

My Article on Shamsher Bahadur ( Son of Bajirao - Mastani)

Shamsher Bahadur was the son of Peshwa Bajirao and his second wife Mastani .The origin of Mastani is shrouded in obscurity. Tradition makes her the offspring of a Hindu father probably Maharaja Chattrasal and a Muhammadan mother. Some consider her the daughter of the Nizam, while others refer to her as a courtesan of the court of some Muslim chief . Tarikh-i-Muhammadshahi mentions that “she was a Kanchani (a dancing girl) skilled in riding and handling the sword and spear. She always accompanied Baji rao in his campaigns and rode stirrup to stirrup with him” . The first mention of her name in authentic papers occurs in the accounts of the marriage ceremony of Bajirao's eldest son Balajirao which took place on 11th  January 1730. In the same year Bajirao built his Shaniwar palace in Poona and later added to it a portion named after Mastani , Mastani Mahal  (shaniwarwada's north-east corner) and had its own external doorway called Mastani darwaza. 
In 1734 she bore him a son who was named Krishnarao . But the brahmins of Poona refused to conduct the thread ceremony of Krishnarao , him being born from of a muslim woman. As a result the boy was brought up as a Muslim, by name Shamsher Bahadur. His mother and father both died in the year 1740 . But before his death Bajirao gave few districts of Bundelkhand to Shamsher Bahadur as his jagir  yielding 33 lakhs , which he himself had got as present from Maharaja Chattrasal . Shamsher Bahadur made Banda his chief town of residence and loyally served his half –brother Peshwa Balajirao . Shamsher bahadur was married to Mehrambai (or Lal Kunwar), the daughter of Lakshadhir Dalpatrai . A son was born to the couple in the year 1758 and he was named Krishna Singh alias Ali Bahadur. The descendents of Shamsher Bahadur later assumed the title of Nawab of Banda .
Shamsher Bahadur not only managed the affairs of Bundelkhand but also served the Peshwa in his campaigns against the Nizam . On 20th November , 1751 in a stiff action  with the Nizam near Parner (Ahmednagar District) Shamsher Bahadur's mare was wounded with a spear . Shamsher Bahadur also conducted land operations against Tulaji  Angre in 1756 during the Vijayadurg campaign .Shamsher Bahadur also accompanied Raghunathrao  in his first campaign to north in 1753 . Sahmsher Bahadur along with  Yashwantrao Pawar was dispatched to help the Sindhias in Marwad on 29th September , 1755 from Pune with an army of ten thousand . These two Maratha chiefs arrived bit late and  joined Dattaji (21st April 1756) in  the siege of Rupnagar in Rajputana after the Sindhias had ended their Marwar campaign . Bahadur Singh of Rupnagar State, submitted to the Marathas  and yielded the  city to his elder brother Samant Singh, whom he had ousted and whose cause had been taken up by Ram Singh and the Marathas. On reaching Kota , they besieged the fort and placed Ajitsingh on the throne.
In 1757 when Antaji was pushed to Mathura by Abdali’s men he requested the Maratha chiefs of Bundelkhand like Naro Shankar and Shamsher Bahadur to unite and drive off Abdali but he received no positive response .When Raghunathrao came to north India Shamsher Bahadur joined him in Rajputana, towards the end of July Raghunathrao began his march upon Delhi  . Shamsher Bahadur with the artillery and the advanced division reached Rewari on 27th July . He was ordered  to make a base at this city and occupy the Mughal possessions  in the district around . Prince Ali Jah (the Emperor's second son), who had come a few days earlier to Rewari for wresting the district from the hands of usurpers, was made prisoner on 30th July by Shamsher Bahadur. Raghunathrao and Malharrao towards the end of July, reached  Rewari and together they marched to Delhi . Where the Marathas ousted the domination of Najib Khan and restored Imad-ul-Mulkh to power .
In 1758 Raja Hindupat of Panna ,( Bundelkhand)  got his brother Amansingh murdered, usurped the throne of Panna  and banished his younger brother Khetsingh .On 1st July 1758 Shamsher Bahadur and Govind Pant went to meet   Hindupat  . Due to the efforts of these Maratha chiefs some portion of the kingdom of Panna was given to Khetsingh and Hindupat agreed to present 5 lakhs and one thousand to peshwa within three years and to finance the Maratha armies in his territories .Peshwa acknowledged  Raja Hindupat as the King of Panna and Shamsher Bahadur after making necessary arrangements at Kehciwada left for Puna on 3rd August 1758.
During the campaign of Panipat Shamsher Bahadur accompanied the Maratha armies to north with his 3,000 horsemen . In the finale battle of Panipat Shamsher Bahadur was positioned in the right wing of Marathas ,  when Viswasrao fell by the bullet shot Shamsher Bahadur rushed into Maratha centre and joined Bhausaheb in his finale combat .When Shah Pasand Khan left his position on the imperial road of Panipat , Shamsher Bahadur had every opportunity to abandon the battle field and escape unhurt  but instead he chose to join the action in the Maratha centre . The author of Bhausaheb’s Bakhar mentions that Bhausaheb took Shamsher Bahadur along with him and entered the mele killing many Afghans. In the end Shamsher Bahadur managed to reach Kumbher in a highly wounded condition where he was hospitably received by Jat King Surajmal , but he died of his wounds. Probably when he would have been separated from Bhausaheb in the crowd of Afghans and his only option would have been a retreat southwards . It is said that he died crying “Where will i go now ? To whom will i show my face now .... Bhau ! Bhau !” .
 
 

Balwantrao Mehendele : The right Hand man of Bhausaheb

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Monday, 20 August 2012

Balwantrao Mehendele : The right Hand man of Bhausaheb


Balwantrao Mehendele was the right hand man of Sadashivrao Bhau . He was also a Chitpawan Brahaman and was the maternal uncle of Nana Phadnavis  and his  father's mother was the sister of Peshwa Balaji Vishwanath. He was also the brother of the first wife of Sadshivrao , Umabai.  Balwantrao was married to Laxmibai who accompanied her husband in the Panipat campaign . She bore him a son who survived the disaster at Panipat and became famous by the name Appa Balwant.
Balwantrao’s carrer was given a push by Peshwa Balajirao. He accompanied Peshwa and Sadashivrao in a number of expeditions in South India and stood by the side of Peshwa in all the wars against Tarabai and Damaji Gaikwad . In the Karnatak campaign of 1757 Peshwa returned in May after leaving Balawantrao as his deputy to finish the remaining work of the expedition .Nawab of  Kadappa, which claimed the districts of Kolar, Hoskot and Balapur once forming the Jagir of Sahahji the father of Shivaji , was subjugated by the prowess of Balavantrao Mehendale. Abdul Majid Khan the Nawab of Kadappa was a man of valour and resources. In the fierce engagement fought between Sidhout and Kadappa on 24th September 1757, the Khan was killed along with four hundred of his men. The same night Kadappa was captured. Balwantrao then  levied contributions from the Palegars round about Sira, Hoskote, Mulbagal and other places . He was ordered to capture Bednur and Chitradurg , but growing tension between the Marathas and Nizams which led to the battle of Sindakhed (December -1757) called him away northwards . After the Maratha victory at Sindakhed Balwantrao along with Gopalrao Patwardhan and Visaji Krishna Biniwale led a campaign in South India upto the seas on the eastern coast of India. In the battle of Udgir , Balwantrao played a very important role and acted as the deputy of Sadashivrao . It was he who  used to lead  the troops of Huzarat as the right hand man of Sadashivrao  .When Sadashivrao was chosen to lead the Panipat campaign , Balwantrao  accompanied him to North India. Like Sadshivrao this was also the first campaign of Balwantrao in North India.
Almost all Marathi chronicles of Panipat campaign like Bhausahebanchi Bakhar and Bhausahebanchi Kaifiyat accuse Balwantrao of being  arrogant, hot headed and abusive. He is said to be making fun of old Malharrao Holkar and Jankoji Sindhia  on various occasions  and has been portrayed as a villain in the Panipat Campaign  . Infact  Balwantrao was a man of sharp tongue  and these accusations cannot be termed totally wrong .  It was he who insisted on crossing river Chambal and proceeding to North India rejecting the advice of Malhararo . Balwantrao was dispatched from Mathura along with Imad-ul-Mulk and Surajmal Jat to capture Delhi .Balwantrao captured the city but failed to capture the Red Fort. It was actually  the cannons of Ibrahim Khan which forced the Afghan keeper to deliver the fort.
He accompanied Sadashivrao and Maratha army to Kunjpura and thence to Panipat .In the surprise attack of Jankoji Sindhia on 22nd November , Balwantrao failed to render timely support and was so criticised on this point . On 7th December 1760 the Rohillas led by Najib Khan’s brother Sultan Khan fell upon the Marathas. The assailants reached the very edge of the Maratha trenches . The Rohilla foot soldiers took advantage of intense darkness of that night  and penetrated inside the trenches . The Gardi musketeers and Balwantrao with the Huzurat horses fell heavily on the Afghans and drove them back with great slaughter. Najib‘s uncle Khali-ul-Rehman  was killed in the battle and over three thousand of the Rohilla infantry fell in the field and even among those that survived most were wounded very badly . Unhappily in the moment of victory a chance bullet struck Balwantrao Mehendale at around 7 PM at night, who was leading the charge . He fell down from his horse with a bullet in his chest while trying to stem the flight of his men by galloping up to the exposed front line during the first Afghan onrush. The Rohillas crowded upon the fallen General ; one slashed at his face ; another began to sever his head in order to carry it away in triumph. But half a dozen Maratha horsemen galloped up to the spot and rescued their chief's body from mutilation, though with the neck half cut through. The engagement ceased about three hours after nightfall. His body was saved from mutilation by Khanderao Nimbalkar. Sadashivrao felt deeply the loss of Balwantrao, who was his staunch supporter and advisor .After this incident the morale of the Maratha army deteriorated day by day and never again was any serious offensive attack carried out by the Marathas. The loss of this Brahman General was never compensated .  Had Balwantrao lived till the battle of Panipat , he must have led the charge of the Huzarat instead of Viswasrao and the panic created after Viswasrao was shot must have had  less effect . Balwantrao's widow Laxmibai committed sati and was burnt with her husband's body leaving behind a son of 14 years named Krishnarao under the care of Bhau The boy survived the disaster and was later famous by the name Appa Balwant .
 
 

Third Battle of Panipat - Facebook

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... is an authentic account of the battle fought between the Marathas and the allied armies of Muslim chiefs of India. http://thirdbattleofpanipatmaratha.blogspot.in/.
 
 

Third Battle of Panipat - TubeID.Net

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Indian History: The Third Battle of Panipat (Featured)

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Jan 14, 2011 - http://wapedia.mobi/thumb/9ac5499/en/fixed/ ..... http://thirdbattleofpanipatmaratha.blogspot.in/2013/10/third-battle-of-panipat-by-abhas-verma.

'Panipat is a hallmark, not embarrassment' | Sakal Times

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Nov 2, 2010 - ... to find more about Ibrahim Khan Gardi http://thirdbattleofpanipatmaratha.blogspot.in/2012/07/ibrahim-khan-gardi-muslim-commander-in.html.

Saturday, January 2, 2016

Simulation before reclamation is a must as sea levels are rising: Expert report-[before coastal road sea reclamation]

Simulation before reclamation is a must as sea levels are rising: Expert report

| TNN | Jan 2, 2016, 11.14 PM IST
Mumbai: Future reclamation around Mumbai must be carried out only after proper simulation exercises, warns a report of the National Institute of Oceanography (NIO).
While the initial reclamation exercise to form the island city did not have any noticeable adverse impact, climate change and rising sea levels necessitate that reclamation is done after proper scientific studies.
Rising sea levels do not portend good news for the city as it is low-lying. The sea level is rising by 0.4mm per year. A rise of every metre in the sea level will result in more built-up areas (land which is constructed upon) being submerged. Parts of north-west Mumbai such as Versova and Malad are more susceptible, as the western coast is directly exposed to Arabian sea unlike the eastern coast, which is sheltered, says the report. Currents keep beating against the western coast, making it vulnerable to erosion.
This is perhaps the first-ever scientific study on the impact of reclamation, undertaken for the city. It was commissioned by Mumbai Transformation Support Unit last year.
MTSU head B Khatua said the report recommends that construction of the coastal road be undertaken only after carrying out simulation exercises of the current, the flow and the waves to understand the impact of reclamation on the coast or elsewhere. "The study further recommends that reclamation be in a straight line or with a smooth and gentle curve. Reclamation in a zig-zag manner will change the direction of the current pattern and impact the coast in other areas," he said. The recommendations have already been conveyed to the BMC that is executing the project, said Khatua.
Tracing the impact of reclamation right from the time the seven islands were brought together to form the island city, the report states the initial reclamation involved filling intervening spaces between rocky areas and did not have a significant impact. The second reclamation at Backbay, Nariman Point, in 1960s, involved linear reclamation, in the direction of the current and waves, and did not involve projections into the sea. Its impact was minimal.
The NIO then studied the construction of the Bandra-Worli sea link and its impact on the neighbourhood coast. Work on the bridge was taken up in early 2000. The northern side, which is the Bandra exit of the sea link projects out into the sea. This projection created for entry and exit of vehicles has resulted in changing the direction of the current pattern from a straight line to a curvature, states the report.
"When sea water recedes, it has a very high acceleration. The change in direction on account of the projection has resulted in the current first moving southwards and then northwards. In the process, it carries away soil and sand, resulting in the erosion of the Dadar and Mahim beach," states the report. Subsequently, undersea bunds were erected to break the speed of the current. Khatua said construction of the sea link and its impact underlines the need for simulation and scientific reclamation.
Reclamation must take into consideration rising sea levels, said Khatua. The report states a one-metre rise in level will submerge 57.2 square kilometres, of which more than 50% will be mangroves and mudflats in Mira Road and Bhayandar and 16%, that is 9.5 sq km, will be built-up area. If the sea level were to rise two metres, then 91.7 sq km will be submerged, of which 18% or 16.15 sq km will be built-up area.
Khatua said the recent erratic monsoon was an indicator of climate change. "Policy-makers must understand geo-physics as they sanction development. Governments must learn to work with nature." While coastal road has got coastal regulation zone clearance, activists are strongly opposed to it.

comment:-why cancelled sea link?? BANDRA to VERSOVA?







WHY RECLAIM MORE LAND FROM SEA TO MAKE A ROAD???
 
BOMBAY BEFORE RECLAMATION



    

BOMBAY AFTER RECLAMATION


WHY RECLAIM MORE LAND FROM SEA TO MAKE A ROAD???getimageaspx?regionguidd3630911 2a31 46bc abe2 8e03deab8a9b&ampscale320&ampfile87332015062600000000001001&ampregionKeydaD3u0syyaGpkm0TGjQuTA3d3d - Mumbai Infrastructure Projects - Airport, Metro, Monorail, Suburban Railway Sealinks


WHO BENEFITS?

LAND SHARKS  MAKE PROFIT OF RECLAMATIONgetimageaspx?regionguid77192236 662c 410d 9875 4d1bf13902dd&ampscale400&ampfile87332015062300000000001001&ampregionKeypiNPTg2b9HcwoDxx0WyAHnA3d3d - Mumbai Infrastructure Projects - Airport, Metro, Monorail, Suburban Railway Sealinks


THE EXIT ROADS FROM SEA LINK WILL GET CROWDED WITH TRAFFIC JAM






Residents join hands to oppose coastal road - WorldNews
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Proposed Mumbai Coastal Freeway

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Mumbai: Locals protest against tunnel for Juhu-Versova coastal ...
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Mumbai: Locals protest against tunnel for Juhu-Versova coastal

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Mumbaikars give 'split verdict' on coastal road - Mumbai Mirror
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Residents stage a protest against the proposed coastal road on Juhu beach on August 30

B.M.C. IN A HURRY!

Re:Mumbai Infrastructure Projects - Airport, Metro, Monorail, Suburban Railway Sealinks

Coastal road will ruin it all
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Activists join hands to oppose project
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Fishermen oppose BMC’s coastal road project, say it would affect their trade

The Maharashtra Machimaar Union has called for a meeting on July 11.

fishermen, BMC, coastal road project, Maharashtra Machimaar Union , DPR, DPR document, mumbai news, city news, local news, maharashtra news, Indian Express The union is also going to write a letter to the BMC to make the DPR document available in Marathi. The fishermen community, one of the oldest communities in the city, has demanded protection for their livelihood, stating that the proposed coastal road would endanger their traditional occupation. The Maharashtra Machimaar Union has organised a meeting of the entire fishing community on July 11 to set their future road map.
According to the Union, the large scale reclamation undertaken for the project would restrict their activities as it will threaten the breeding grounds for fish. Rajesh Mangela, resource person from the Union said, “We have seen earlier examples of reclamation in Mumbai where our livelihoods were severely affected. The Maharashtra government never compensated us for the losses though we are entitled to it. We are not against development but we need a strong alternative plan assuring us that the community will not suffer because of the project.”
Around 11.61 km (roughly 33 per cent) of the entire 35-km long freeway, connecting South Mumbai to the western side, will be on reclaimed land, the draft Detailed project report (DPR) suggests. The DPR was uploaded by the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) last week inviting suggestions and objection from citizens in the next one month, till July 27.
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According to the DPR, the proposed coastal road indicates the presence of several fishing villages along its alignment including the Manora fishing village, Khar Danda, Juhu Mora gaon, Versove gaon and the Chimbai village. In all, there are 38 koliwadas in the city.
Kiran Koli, chairperson of the Union said, “The Worli Sea-link reclamation led to private enterprises occupying the area. The Versova portion of the coastal road witnesses a huge fishing activity, there are close to 750 fishing boats in the vicinity and more than 15,000 kolis, who will assure us of sustained livelihood?”
A senior civic official from BMC said, “We have made the document public to receive suggestions from people. If the community needs any clarification, then they can issue an objection letter to the department which will be reviewed.”
The union is also going to write a letter to the BMC to make the DPR document available in Marathi. The current document runs into more than 6,000 pages.


COMMENT:
PEOPLE WILL USE METRO 3 FROM COLABA TO ANDHERI
 Mumbai Metro III Project
 AND CONNECTING METRO FROM ANDHERI TO KANDIVLI

COASTAL ROAD MAY   NOT BE USED MUCH FOR DAILY COMMUTE

COASTAL ROAD WILL BE A WASTE OF GOVERNMENT FUNDS 

GOVERNMENT MAY LOSE VOTES FROM COASTAL FISHERMEN
ONLY LAND SHARKS WILL BE HAPPY FOR EXTRA LAND FROM SEA