The
flag of Indian Empire from 1879 to 1946. This flag fluttered atop Fort
William in Calcutta and many other public buildings but was seen as a
symbol of oppression by nationalists who were to eventually lead India
to freedom from European rule.
[continuation from 1A]
Sir Pherozeshah Mehta
fathered
Bombay's municipal charter by writing
the Municipal Act of 1872, helped
found the Central Bank and
established the independent
newspaper, the Bombay Chronicle.
Dadabhai Nawroji
was the first Asian member
of the British Parliament. He lobbied for the
political rights and representation in the British
Administrative services in India. He was the
founder of the Indian National Congress.
Jamsetji Tata
was the founder of the Tata
Industries. He was the pioneer of Iron and Steel
industry in India. He also built the famous Taj
Mahal Hotel.
Sir Dinshaw M. Petit
donated his plot and
bungalow at Parell for the Bai Sakarbai
Dinshaw Petit Hospital for Animals in
1884
Sir David Sassoon
built a synagogue, and established
schools for juvenile delinquents and for technical
education. His son, Albert, built the large Sassoon
dockyard and Colaba between 1872 and 1875. as also
the famous Devid Sassoon Library near the Bombay
University.
Goculdas Tejpal
donated a hospital,
Mulji Jetha
built the largest textile market in the city
Bomanji Wadia,
The Wadia Group is one of the oldest conglomerates of corporate India. It was founded by SirLovji Nusserwanjee Wadia in 1736. Lovji Wadia secured contracts with the British East India Company
to build ships and docks in Bombay in 1736. This, and subsequent
efforts, would result in Bombay becoming a strategic port for the
British colonial undertakings in Asia. The one ship that the Wadias built and of most historic significance for Parsis is the HMS Minden. The Bombay Courier, June 23, 1810 wrote:
“On Tuesday last His Majesty’s Ship, the Minden
built in the new docks (Bombay) by Jamshedji Bomanji Wadia was floated
into the stream at high water, after the usual ceremony of breaking the
bottle had been performed by the Honorable Governor Jonathan Duncan.
mukesh ambani
-0--........----Anil ambani-........-----0-
The names of many mercantile magnates and pioneers of industry became synonymous with
the town's life. These included men such as
Sir Dinshaw Petit,
From
his humble beginnings this industrious young man rose to be a captain
of the industry in his homeland of India pioneering the introduction of
several industries. His acts of philanthropy became a legend as he
bankrolled the rescue mission aimed at saving at the remaining small
community of Zarathushtrians in the birthplace of the faith, Iran.
Tatas
have been at the forefront in the making of the Indian nation - not
just by their monumental achievements as industrialists and
entrepreneurs but also by their phenomenal philanthropic contributions
in areas of medical research, higher education, aviation, culture, arts
and human development. This article while highlighting the attributes of
J. R. D. Tata, encapsulates the essence of a 'Century of Trust' built
on the Tata tradition of Charity, Industry and Integrity.
A
socially conscious and visionary lady who despite her family means to
live a lavish life dedicated her life to the service of those less
privileged than herself. She became the first Zarathushti to think of
building affordable homes, offering security for migrant families from
Gujarat in search of a better future in the large metropolitan city of
Bombay.
A
young dynamic Zarathushti lady defies the colonial rule imposed on her
country of birth at great personal risk, and sets the stage for the
eventual independence of India half a century later
Nusserwanji Petit,
Khatau
SETH KHATAU MAKANJI STARTED THE KHATAU GROUP IN 1874;PART OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY OF INDIA
Dharamsey Punjabhai,
James Greaves,
James
Greaves & Company (JGC), an Indian firm that was established in
1858. JGC went into a partnership with George Cotton, an agent of the
East India Company, to set up a venture called Greaves Cotton & Company. In
1927, Crompton & Company merged with F. A. Parkinson, pioneers in
the field of large-scale industrial engineering to form a new company,
Crompton Parkinson. Crompton Parkinson, UK, set up a factory in Worli,
Bombay
George Cotton,
Morarji Goculdas,
Morarjee Goculdas was a textile magnate 1870
Sir Ibrahim Rahimtoola,
A
committed reformer and eminent writer, Ibrahim Rahimtoola was an ardent
champion of the Indianisation of various services. He held very
progressive views in matters of social reform and strongly advocated
female education and abolition of the pardah system. He was a member of
the Bombay Legislative Council (1899-1912) and later its President
(1923-26). He was a member of the Executive Council, Bombay (1918-23)
and Leader of the Bombay Legislative Council (1921-23). He was also a
member of the Imperial Legislative Council (1913-18). He was the
President of the Central Legislative Assembly during 1931-33. A firm
believer in self-government, he advocated constitutional means for
gaining India's Independence.
Thackersey Mulji,
Mancherji Banaji,
Currimbhoy Ibrahim,
David Sassoon
and many others. These captains of
industry not only wielded considerable civic and political influence, but also donated
generously towards innumerable charities and public institutions in Bombay.
 |
| This
photograph of the city of Pune was taken by an unknown photographer in
the 1860s to from part of an album entitled 'Photographs of India and
Overland Route'. Pune was the eighteenth-century capital of Raja
Shivaji, the Maratha king who defied the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. In
1802 Jaswant Rao Holkar defeated the combined armies of the Peshwa and
Scindia. As a result of this defeat the Peshwa invited British
assistance and Pune was occupied by troops under Wellesley in 1803.
After the battle of Kirkee in November 1817 it was surrendered to the
British who based the summer headquarters of the Government of Bombay
here and established a large military cantonment. |
![[Malabar Hill, Bombay.]](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/blogger_img_proxy/AEn0k_uPakaeqr6oBoJkC1Ckavd-v74HiEbY9xaqqb29IgOBZZNlZnT9ip84B8Yk1CoGCWUav44AdbwwIbTQ81BBF0KmvDfaZJ7gDsKa9OCIsC9XS5ofJIRVpKeQjxAwT7BCU2L521tHTpBU4q8=s0-d)
View from Malabar Hill | ![[Love Grove, Bombay.]](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/blogger_img_proxy/AEn0k_vfrXZTS6xu790iJYPYJWsjFY087NCVI2IbZBZell0N2EUZTOjAkDPQEOI4IegbKlRVo_Z68KUKaM2l72sAJlIvIQPZV_pbDDqJCx4miFMHVntAV7-v1mzhBGZUgfNGZjERcN9VKA=s0-d)
View of Breach from Love Grove. |
![[Breach Causeway, Bombay.]](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/blogger_img_proxy/AEn0k_vsZkRFmAD2zqUAD2GCZpM5AuniEGOLoQ2OjsUZHcSbauamPm6Ujn1njZ3pKQgnu9_1fgT44b3jtDq0jbhRoYJ_ly9Id0fywVoHtuvqSrTaJpDRd8IE4t1UYwuB7-HdML5CD6YAkp5Sm47va5Y=s0-d)
View of Breach Causeway | ![[View From Belmont.]](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/blogger_img_proxy/AEn0k_tVGAPrvFSRjTbG4IKUV-YXVA53aUrPSfjCK6BjaauYwOjWAf7C-JMmb3XcTq7etChOehyI3qvXbqzKciH40-fIiMRjC1okUY2wloNyKdwN8cp6ulSPxc5K3c3FZ3xGWelBPigCTpU=s0-d)
View From Belmont. |
![[View From Belmont.]](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/blogger_img_proxy/AEn0k_uBw1ICwo2zCkuZZeVUdJDlSquRerMhAs7OaqnFiN1UDn4mMvQ5WdvBo26QE3UqqpvjwXB7IIf_UlNIkaUinCZC7kmRt8r1XBsCPmwj7_bege_PbwxZLqit6XemIfbS0DGCtVVdynU=s0-d)
View From Belmont. | ![[View from Sion Fort.]](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/blogger_img_proxy/AEn0k_vh5Y9Voyxd-nZSAmnTWtnMDjAQkeNgAq8QY7Hr_Gd1bvreGIdGaXY4iTepVbv0tnzPUPhs5R9rneAl7Y8rRDdCbQ5wyy6oIG9Mh7zW1wARsyxbBkFXQLhaenAqm80jgDowd5DMq89q=s0-d)
View from Sion Fort. |
![[View From the Island of Elephanta.]](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/blogger_img_proxy/AEn0k_ssplIP-GtevUUdSFNBVH2_8HqYqRapN48RhZGMw7paRj-Ss_3bfFJilKySiJVno_Ghp5TKO-QxAvIMg5d31eSE2Z8Sv1aG0I_xr5G8tsNFNmeu0iJzTok4DL4ifkO3lxE2iF1tM4U=s0-d)
View from Sion Fort. | ![[View From the Island of Elephanta.]](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/blogger_img_proxy/AEn0k_syxKEKDE873xJU_pKUIoy2JaRcqzCcxd9Z3Sgxts3Dta5Y2snJdfOrJffvT8g01UUsJRWpTBGjroHDvk5meBtMcc5yNr0TFtdUYh7y_GVppMAtfqBK_BWneeqkCqmCMWwGm15QjjXX=s0-d)
View from Island of Elephanta. |
View of the Breach Causeway at Bombay.
THE GREAT BREACH
The
only record which survives of large-scale engineering before the
arrival of the Portuguese is that of the remnants of a massive stone
causeway across the Flats on the island of Bombay. These Flats were the
low-lying lands between Dongri and Malabar hills, seperated from the
island of Worli by the Great Breach, through which the sea poured in at
high tide.
PYDHONIE AND UMARKHADI
The Great Breach may have extended almost to Umarkhadi, the creek seperating Bombay from Mazagaon. Occasionally the two would be linked by a shallow creek at the site of the crowded present-day bazaar area of Pydhonie.
Only the name, which means "foot wash", now gives a clue to the fact
that it was once a creek, because this was probably the first piece of
land to be reclaimed from the sea.
Quite as likely, Umarkhadi was also filled in soon after the arrival of the British and joined Mazagaon irretrievably to Bombay. The last story in which Mazagaon appears as a seperate island relates to its occupation by the Sidi of Janjira in 1690-1. He was repelled by a rag-tag navy of fishermen led by the amateur Parsi admiral Rustomji Dorabji.
THE HORNBY VELLARD
Early
efforts at land reclamation concentrated on the small creeks crossing
the northern Flats of Bombay island. Several of these were dammed or
filled in during the eighteenth century. As a result, the areas north
and east of Umarkhadi andMazagaon
were slowly settled in this period. However, the next major reclamation
was due to the closure of the Great Breach north of Cumballa Hill in
1784 by the building of a sea-wall called the Hornby Vellard. The wall allowed reclamation of the Flats and supplied about 400 acres of land for the extension of the crowded inner city. The precincts of Mahalaxmi,Kamathipura, Tardeo and parts of Bycullah were settled.
Arrival Of Indian & Australian Mails At Alexandria EgypT on the way to Bombay 1853
 |
| PIGEON WITH LETTER CONTAINER ON BACK |
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POOR MAN'S PALANQUIN
below-Post haste[email of last century]
|
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India, Pigeon Post Collection, 1931-41.
|
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POst men running with postal articles 1850's picture[ called dawk wallah by english men ;Scinde Dawk was a very old postal system of runners that served the Sindh, The term also refers to the first postage stamps in india the forerunners of the adhesive stamps used throughout India]
Darius
extended the network of roads across the Persian empire, to enable both
troops and information to move with startling speed. At the centre of
the system is the royal road from Susa to Sardis, a distance of some
2000 miles (3200 km). At intervals of a day's ride there are posting
stations, where new men and fresh horses will be available at any moment
to carry a document on through the next day's journey.By this method a
message can travel the full distance of the road in ten days, at a speed
of about 200 miles a day.other methods of communications in the past
were [1]'message whistling' of canary islands[2] 'tom tom' messages by
drum beats,[3]fire signal by south american indians[4] smoke signals by
north american indians
Read more:http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=aa93#ixzz1I3DbRsDn
Read more:http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=aa93#ixzz1I3DOcxXC |
 |
India postage 1930 - SHOWS THE 'Dak runner'
Pigeons with messages attached.
|
Pigeon Post during 1st world war
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| ICE HOUSE AND GREAT WESTERN HOTEL |
late
four from J M Gonsalves' 'Views at Bombay'. During the 1820s,
institutions for currency production were constructed in various parts
of India including Bombay, Benares and Calcutta. These imposing Doric
structures can be seen to represent the feeling of growing political
power of the English. The Bombay Mint was constructed between 1821and 1829 on
the site of the Fort rubbish dump. The architect was John Hawkins of
the Bombay Engineers. The building on the right of the picture is the
Town Hall.
icture of six 'Native Judges and Officers of the Court of the Recorder, at Bombay', at
the beginning of F W Blagdon's book, 'A Brief History of Ancient and
Modern India'. According to Blagdon, these drawings 'were taken from
life in 1758' and are labelled respectively as holding the following
positions. '1. Judge of the Hindoo Law, Antoba Crustnagee Pundit. 2.
Interpreter, Rhowangee Sewagee. 3. Hindoo Officer, Lellather Chatta
Bhutt. 4. Judge of the Mohomedan Law, Cajee Husson. 5. Officer to the
Mooremen, Mahmoud Ackram of the Codjee order or priesthood of the cast
of Moormens. 6. Haveldar, or summoning Officer, Mahmound Ismael'.
1838.
Engraving
of the Grant Medical College showing part of Sir Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy's
Hospital in Bombay by G. R. Sargent from his own drawing and published
by him in London in 1844. The engraving was printed by M & N
Hanhart. The Grant Medical College and the Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy Hospital
were built in the 1840s and funded jointly by Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy and
the East India Company. Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy (1783-1859) was a Parsi
merchant and eminent philanthropist. The Grant Medical College is shown
in the foreground of this view. It was named after Sir Robert Grant, the
Governor of Bombay between 1835 and 1838.
Coloured
lithograph by Vincent Brooks of the inlet tower, with a portion of the
principal dam, of the Vehar Reservoir of the Bombay Waterworks at Bombay
in Maharashtra, dated c.1857.
The
idea for the construction of a wet docks for the use of shipping in
Bombay harbour was first suggested by M. Malet when member of Council in
1855. In 1866, Russell Aitken, Executive Engineer to the Municipality
prepared the foundation of a Harbour and Dock Trust which could raise
money for the construction of wet docks on the Elphinstone and Mody Bay
reclamations as private companies had gone into a recession. In 1875,
the first stone was laid in the hope that the new dock would create a
prosperous revolution in the trade of Bombay. In April 1879, the
Prince's Dock was thrown open by the Governor of Bombay, Sir Richard
Temple. In 1884, it was decided to extend the dock and construction then
began on the Victoria Dock.
Photograph
of a group of pupils from the Juggunath Shankarset Girls' School at
Bombay in Maharashtra from the Archaeological Survey of India Collections:
India Office Series (Volume 46), taken by an unknown photographer in c.
1873. This image of pupils posed on the verandah was probably shown at
the Vienna Exhibition of that year. On the photograph, there is a
letterpress caption, above the main caption, which reads "Student's
Literary & Scientific Society, founded 1848. President Dr Bhau
Daji." S.M. Edwardes wrote in The Gazetteer of Bombay City and Island (3
vols, Bombay (1909-10), "...The Students' Literary and Scientific
Society, which supported nine vernacular free schools for girls,
attended by 654 pupils, of whom 136 were Marathi-speaking Hindus, 120
Gujarati Hindus and 398 Parsis...The formation of this society was
promoted by Professor Patton of the Elphinstone College in 1848. It was
intended by the student and assistant teachers of the Elphinstone
Institution to be a mutual improvement society and to aid the
dissemination of knowledge by means of vernacular lectures and the
publication of cheap periodicals in the vernacular languages..
This
view of the Esplanade in Bombay was taken by an unknown photographer in
the 1860s. Originally, Bombay was composed of seven islands separated
by a marshy swamp. It’s deep natural harbour led the Portuguese settlers
of the sixteenth century to call it Bom Bahia (the Good Bay). The
British Crown acquired the islands in 1661when Catherine of Braganza
married Charles II, as part of her marriage dowry. It was then presented
to the East India Company in 1668. The second governor, Gerald Aungier,
developed Bombay into a trading port and centre for commerce and
inducements were offered to skilled workers and traders to move here.
The Esplanade, now an area known as the Maidans, is set behind Marine
Drive on the western side of Colaba Causeway. Before the land on which
Marine Drive was built was reclaimed from the sea, the area formed the
seaside esplanade behind Chowpatty Beach.
| INDIANS
CARRYING,ON A PALANQUIN- A WHITE WOMAN WITH A WHITE UMBRELLA IN SIMLA
MALL(MAIN STREET) 19 TH CENTURY PHOTO.[INDIANS WERE NOT ALLOWED IN THE
MALL AREA BY BRITISH RULERS IN THE BEGINNING BUT LATER ON ALLOWED] |
 |
ANTIQUE POST
CARD-SCHOOL BOYS AND TEACHER-BOMBAY.THE SCHOOL BOYS ARE USING PALM LEAF
BOOKS -IN THEIR HANDS,(PROBABLY VEDA SCHOOL)
 |
{Palm leaves were first cut from the trees before they could dry up and
become brittle. These were then boiled in water to the required
temperature in order to render them soft. The softened leaves were then
dried in the shade or mild sunshine. The desired portion was taken from
mid-leaf, pressed and then polished. These were then cut into the
required size and made into rolls of paper.Tālapatras or palm leaves of slightly yellow hew, eight angulas (inches) long, which were more brittle and hence cheaper, were given to students for copy work. The leaves of shritāla were a slight red in color and were 24 to 32 angulas in length. These were quite thin, soft and malleable. Such leaves were supplied to poets, scholars and writers.
There were professional palm-leaf paper-makers (ôleya kāyakadavaru) 2, who prepared ready-to-write ôles or palm-leaves, and supplied them to mathas , basadis, temple schools and private individuals. These were sold in rolls ( kāttu) in village shanties as well3.
Specially prepared preservative oil was applied to palm-leaf rolls
before tying them into a book. Turmeric was often used to make the rolls
colorful. Holes were made in the margins of these leaves, through which
silken thread was passed and the leaves were carefully tied, and
finally the book was ready
Class with mistress in a mofussil or up-country girls' school, Bombay
Group of Parsee pupils and masters in class of the Elphinstone High School, Bombay --
Photograph
of pupils in a class of the Elphinstone High School at Bombay in
Maharashtra from the Archaeological Survey of India Collections: India
Office Series (Volume 46), taken by an unknown photographer in c. 1873.
This image of pupils gathered around a table conducting an experiment,
possibly in physics, was shown at the Vienna Exhibition of the same
year. The school shown here is named after Mountstuart Elphinstone who
helped to establish the educational structure of the Bombay area. The
Imperial Gazetteer of India states,
"There are three classes of secondary schools - the vernacular and
English middle schools, and the high schools...The English secondary
school stage is divided into middle and high school sections, which
really form portions of the same course...the English school education
should ordinarily be completed by the time the pupil attained the age of
sixteen...In English secondary schools the main course
has hitherto led up to the matriculation or entrance examination of one
or other of the Universities. There are other courses of a more
practical character leading up to different examinations...A purely
literary education has been more popular among both parents and
students, as being in itself more attractive to them and as affording a
better opening for remunerative employment. The
matriculation has generally been accepted as a qualifying test by
Government and private employers as well as by the Universities, and has
been regarded as the common goal of the school career."
A girls' school operating in Jagannath Shankar Seth's residential complex
Jagannath Shankar Shet (10 October 1800 – 31 July 1865), was a notable
Indian Philanthropist and a revolutionary Educationalist. He was born in
1800 in the wealthy Murkute family of Goldsmiths of the Daivadnya Caste
in Mumbai (Bombay). He was one of the founders of Elphinstone College,
and Indian Railway Association that became part of the Great Indian
Peninsula Railway. He was the first Indian member to be nominated to the
Legislative Council of Bombay under the XXTY 26 Act of 1861, a member
of the Bombay Board of Education, and also the first Indian member of
the famous Asiatic Society of Bombay.
Photograph of a group of pupils from the Bhagwandas
Purshottum Girls' School at Bombay in Maharashtra from the
Archaeological Survey of India Collections: India Office Series (Volume
46), taken by an unknown photographer in c. 1873.
This image of pupils posed on the verandah was probably shown at the
Vienna Exhibition of that year. On the photograph, there is a
letterpress caption, above the main caption, which reads "Student's
Literary & Scientific Society, founded 1848. President Dr Bhau
Daji." S.M. Edwardes wrote in The Gazetteer of Bombay City and Island (3
vols, Bombay (1909-10), "...The Students' Literary and Scientific
Society, which supported nine vernacular free schools for girls,
attended by 654 pupils, of whom 136 were Marathi-speaking Hindus, 120
Gujarati Hindus and 398 Parsis...The formation of this society was
promoted by Professor Patton of the Elphinstone College in 1848. It was
intended by the student and assistant teachers of the Elphinstone
Institution to be a mutual improvement society and to aid the
dissemination of knowledge by means of vernacular lectures and the
publication of cheap periodicals in the vernacular languages..."
Group of mistress and pupils of the Government Normal School, Bombay19TH CENTURY
 |
| Coloured
lithograph of the Government House at Parel in Bombay by Day & Son
after Sir Harry Francis Colville Darrell (1814-1853) from his 'China,
India and the Cape' published in London in 1852. Parel, originally an
island, is located in the northern part of Bombay. The building shown in this view was built by the Jesuits[ as a church]
under Portuguese rule in the 16th and 17th centuries.Later It was used
as a country retreat for the English Governor of Bombay from
1719. In 1829, the building officially became the Government House.
However, in the 1880s the Government House was relocated to Malabar
Point. |
THE ICE HOUSE':-
BELOW:-
BOMBAY 1850Photograph
from 'Views in the island of Bombay' by Charles Scott,1850s. This is a
view looking north along Apollo Street from the Apollo Gate towards the
dockyards entrance on the right.
The Scotch Church
stands in the left foreground, with Hornby House beyond. The classic
Georgian style Saint Andrew's or Scotch Kirk was completed in 1819.
Hornby House,
which initially began as a residence to the Governor Hornby, served as
the Law Court until the late 1870s when it became the Great Western
Hotel.
Between this building and the church, stands the domed
Ice-House,
erected by subscription in 1843 for the consignments of ice which were
imported regularly and sold to the public. When ice began to be
manufactured in Bombay the Ice-House lost its purpose and was used as a
godown until it was demolished years later.
{ SHOWS
HORSE CARRIAGES AND BULLOCK CART CARRIAGES PARKED NEXT TO COURT
HOUSE;AND A MAN WAITING FOR CUSTOMERS WITH HIS PALANQUIN NEAR CHURCH
STEPS;FORT BOMBAY.
'
-SEEN AS A WHITE ROUND HOUSE AND A WHITE ROUND ROOF}
.The ice-house was a double-shelled structure,twenty-five feet square on
its outside dimension, nineteen feet square on the interior, and
sixteen feet high. It held about 150 tons of ice. ICE WAS HARVESTED
FROM PLACES NEAR TO THE NORTH POLE AND FROZEN LAKES.,BROUGHT BY SHIP
AND KEPT FOR USE. [ELECTRICITY /REFRIGERATION Were NOT YET DISCOVERED].
Once inside, the blocks were piled together as closely as possible to
prevent all unnecessary melting. The workmen in the ice-houses pried
loose the stored ice by means of chisels.Wenham Lake ice enjoyed its
greatest popularity in England between the year 1844 and the early years
of the 185o's. It was in demand everywhere, and it grew into such vogue
that London hotels put up signs informing their customers that Wenham
Lake ice was served there.Main customers were the local coffee-house
owners who bought the ice for the manufacture of their ice-creams.
STORY OF ICE AND ICECREAMS IN BOMBAY
BOMBAY:-ICE CAME TO BOMBAY VIA SHIP FROM U.S.A IN 1833
In 1833, fellow Boston-based merchant Samuel Austin proposed a partnership for selling ice to India, then some 16,000 miles and four months away from Massachusetts. On May 12, 1833 the brig Tuscany sailed from Boston for Calcutta, its hold filled with 180 tons of ice cut during the winter. When it approached the Ganges
in September 1833, many believed the delivery was an elaborate joke,
but the ship still had 100 tons of ice upon arrival. Over the next 20
years, Calcutta would become Tudor's most lucrative destination,
yielding an estimated $220,000 in profits.
large crowd of natives gathered at the wharf to witness the unloading of these
"crystal blocks of Yankee coldness."
One of the Indians braved to touch a piece of the ice, and, believing
that he had burned himself, wrapped his hand in his robe and rushed away
followed by a number of the alarmed onlookers. At another time, a
native was supposed to have asked Captain Codman,
"How this ice make grow in your country? Him grow on tree? Him grow on shrub - how he make grow?"
 |
| Bombay's
first ice house(ice storage house where ice unloaded from ship was
stored) next to the harbour ;seen in the photo as a rounded white dome
house;next to the church--1860's photo |
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"From the insides of this boat they were taking out great pieces of
white stuff, which, in a little while, turned to water. Much split off,
and fell about on the shore, and the rest they swiftly put into a house
with thick walls. But a boatman, who laughed, took a piece no larger
than a small dog, and threw it to me. I - of all people - swallowed
without reflection, and that piece I swallowed as is our custom.
Immediately I was afflicted with an excessive cold which, beginning in
my crop, ran down to the extreme end of my toes, and deprived me even of
speech, while the boatmen laughed at me. Never have I felt such cold. I
danced in my grief and amazement till I could recover my breath, and
then I danced and cried out against the falseness of this world; and the
boatmen derided me till they fell down. The chief wonder of the matter,
setting aside the marvellous coldness, was that there was nothing at
all in my crop when I had finished my lamentings
 |
| VINTAGE ICE CRUSHER |
Developed
for home use in 1848, the traditional crank ice-cream freezer employs a
metal dasher inserted into a metal cylinder full of ice-cream base, which is placed in a bucket filled with a rock-saltand ice mixture (brine). The hand or motor-cranked dashers turn around in the ice-cream mixture as it freezes, preventing icecrystals from forming and ensuring a smooth, creamy final product.
  |
| traditional crank ice-cream freezer |
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| HORSE PULLED ICE AND ICE CREAM CARTS c: 19th century |
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| BOMBAY 1900-PARTY |
Falooda
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| Kulfi: [India's answer to Gelato] |
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| GolaA
big ball of ice shavings twinkles like a lump of South African
diamonds, kala khatta juice dripping off its sides. Fix it to your lips
and slurp away in bliss. |
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This
image shows a water carrier pouring water from a leather bucket into
the leather container slung over the back of a bullock;A Bheestie or Pukkalli [using a bullock - as in this image] is a domestic servant;Bheesties
deliver as many potsful or skinsful as may be needed during the day,
and are paid in proportion. They also serve in the regular army;In
cavalry regiments a Pukkal Bheestie...is also on the establishment of
every troop, in the proportion of one to twenty-five or thirty horses;[Watson and Kaye's 'The People of India', published in eight volumes from 1868 to1875]
Many of the best houses in the Bazaar had deep wells of fairly
good water
within their tenements,but an abundant supply was available for those
who had it not from the wells which had been dug outside the walls on
the Esplanade,[NEWS OF THE GARRISON OF BOMBAY, 1845. as reported in
1887]
READ ALSO:- the first dentist inside bombay fort etc news:-http://oldphotosbombay.blogspot.com/2009/02/bombay-firsts-19-th-century-first.html |
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FORT BOMBAY WITH FORT WALLS 1850 |
PHOTO BELOW SHOWS:-
THE ORIGINAL CHURCH GATE OF BOMBAY FORT;
 |
NAMED CHURCH GATE ; BECAUSE THE GATE WAS NEAR ST.THOMAS CHURCH WHICH CAN BE SEEN IN THE BACK. LATER CHURCH GATE RAILWAY STATION
GOT THIS SAME NAME ;AS IT WAS BUILT NEAR THIS FORT GATE.THE FORT WAS
BUILT AGAINST ENEMIES;SUCH AS PORTUGUESE AND SIDDI SHIPS
THE GATE HAD A BRIDGE BUILT, OVER A MOAT, FILLED WITH WATER ;TO PREVENT ENEMY SOLDIERS;CAN BE SEEN IN THIS PHOTO.THIS FORT AND GATE WERE DEMOLISHED AND Flora Fountain was positioned at the same spot where the Church gate stood before its demolition.
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| OLD CHURCH GATE STATION 1940 |
below:- BOMBAY TIMES OFFICE SEEN IN FOREGROUND[second building from the corner]
A brief history of The Times
1838: The first edition appears on November 3, 1838, known as The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce.
The newspaper was published twice a week under editor J.E. Brennan. It
is basically a city paper reflecting the interest of Bombay's business
community.[12]
1846-1857: The newspaper changes hands and George Buist, LL.D, F.R.S., becomes the editor of the Times from 1840-57.[13]
1850: Shareholders decide to increase the share capital and the paper is converted into a daily.[14]
1859: Bombay Standard and Chronicle of Western India merges into The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce to form Bombay Times & Standard[15]
1861: Editor Robert Knight amalgamates The Bombay Times & Standard and Bombay Telegraph & Courier to form The Times of India and gives it a national character.[12]
Church Gate Street, Bombay.Photographer: Unknown Medium: Photographic print Date: 1860
CHURCH
GATE =THE GATE OF THE BOMBAY FORT ; NEAR TO ST THOMAS CATHEDRAL
CHURCH,SEEN AT FAR END [THE FORT HAD MANY SIMILAR GATES ;The fort walls
had three main gates. One was the Apollo Gate, near the present day
location of the St. Andrew's Church. The most well-known was Church Gate, named after St. Thomas', standing almost exactly on the spot that the Flora Fountain
now occupies. The third was the Bazaar Gate, right opposite the present
dome of the General Post Office, which lends its name to the area even
now, long after the gate itself has disappeared.]
This view of
Churchgate Street, now known as Vir Nariman Road, in the Fort area of
Bombay was taken in the 1860s to form part of an album entitled
'Photographs of India and Overland Route'. Churchgate Street runs from
Horniman Circle at the east end to what was originally named Marine
Drive at the edge of the Back Bay. Churchgate Station, the old General
Post Office (now the Telegraph Office) and the Cathedral Church of St
Thomas, the oldest still-functioning structure in the city, are all
located along its length. However, Churchgate Station and the Post
Office were later additions to the street and would not have been in
existence at the time of this photograph.
In 1772 an order was
promulgated to segregate Indian and English houses, both within and
outside the Fort. A more important development came five years later, in
1777, when the first newspaper in Bombay was published
|
"From
the insides of this boat they were taking out great pieces of white
stuff, which, in a little while, turned to water. Much split off, and
fell about on the shore, and the rest they swiftly put into a house with
thick walls. But a boatman, who laughed, took a piece no larger than a
small dog, and threw it to me. I - of all people - swallowed without
reflection, and that piece I swallowed as is our custom. Immediately I
was afflicted with an excessive cold which, beginning in my crop, ran
down to the extreme end of my toes, and deprived me even of speech,
while the boatmen laughed at me. Never have I felt such cold. I danced
in my grief and amazement till I could recover my breath, and then I
danced and cried out against the falseness of this world; and the
boatmen derided me till they fell down. The chief wonder of the matter,
setting aside the marvelous coldness, was that there was nothing at all in my crop when I had finished my lamenting s."
 |
| THE LONG LONG (HOT ) DAY IN AN ENGLISH MAN'S LIFE IN INDIA |
 |
BOMBAY
1880'S BEFORE DISCOVERY OF AUTO MOBILES-(CARS) SHOWS HORSE
(PULLED)TRAMS AND HORSE CARRIAGES AT FLORA FOUNTAIN.. IT SEEMS THE ROADS
ARE SPRINKLED WITH WATER ,ON THE LEFT SIDE ,TO PREVENT DUST CLOUDS
FROM ROAD;USING BULLOCK CARTS AS SEEN IN PHOTO
HORSE DRAWN TRAMS;HORSE CARRIAGES,BULLOCK CARTS ALSO SEEN |
Bhendi Bazaar was a bustling commercial area of the city,
 |
| A
horse-drawn tram on colaba causeway. The offices and stables of the
Tramway Company is beside the Wesley Church, with the original steeple. A
bus depot and the Electric House building replaced the Tramway Company
office |
THE TAJ MAHAL PALACE HOTEL ENTRANCE.
foot pedal fan before electricity
Bombay kalbadevie road
|
Bombay,[BULLOCK CART FOR PASSENGERS] a photo by Francis Frith, c.1870'
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| BOMBAY STREET SCENE 1900'S |
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| TOWN HALL 1850'S PHOTO |
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| PHOTO OF TOWN HALL BOMBAY |
 |
| PHOTO
OF V.T.(VICTORIA TERMINUS RAILWAY STATION) NOW NAMED C.S.T (CHATRAPATI
SHIVAJI TERMINUS)STATION;NO CARS -ONLY HORSE POWERED
TRAMS;CARRIAGES;BULLOCK CARTS.C: 1880 |
 |
| ANDHERI RAILWAY STATION C: 1870'S--[AND FOX HUNT] BY ENGLISH MEN AROUND THE RAILWAY STATION[ A DESOLATE RAILWAY STATION BUILDING CAN BE SEEN IN THE MIDDLE OF WILDERNESS |
1853
On April 16th, at 3:35pm, the first train in India leaves Bombay for Thane
STEAM ENGINE TRAIN IN USA
goa railway station and steam engine
oldest steam Train engine in India 1855
THERE WERE MANY STEAM ROAD ROLLERS AND STEAM BUSES CAN BE SEEN IN NEHRU SCIENCE MUSEUM MUMBAI
some steam road rollers saved from scrap yard- in India:-
| Mileage | 1 km |
|---|
| Year | 1921 |
|---|
| Steering | Left |
|---|
| Place of Origin | Delhi, India |
|---|
 |
A steam road roller at Birla Industrial and Technological museum calcutta
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BOMBAY - CHURCH GATE RAILWAY STATION--1910's
BELOW :- PHOTO OF BANDRA -1850'S FOX HUNT
Sindh Police in 1857
fashions;drinks;cigars,road rules etc of life in Bombay fort:-
HORSE CARRIAGES WAITING IN FRONT OF TAJ MAHAL HOTEL BOMBAY
BOMBAY CLUB1880'S
BELOW -WATSON [LUXURY ]HOTEL BOMBAY
ADELPHI HOTEL BOMBAY
BELOW PHOTO 1880'S-METRO THEATER AREA? CARS YET TO BE BORN!
ONLY HORSE CARRIAGES AND TRAMS
 |
| DOMED ICE HOUSE SEEN BETWEEN COURT AND CHURCH |
BELOW BOMBAY VICTORIA MEMORIAL RAILWAY STATION (NOW C.S.T. STATION)-B.C. [MEANS BEFORE CARS-1890'S ]
]
1896-FILM:-
"Embarking
elephants at Bombay for the Abyssinian expedition," from the
Illustrated London News, 1868: very large scans of the *left half* and
the *right half* of the engravin
BELOW:-"KALA GHODA"STATUE;SEEN STANDING IN FRONT OF SASSOON LIBRARY AND Elphinstone College
{Kala Ghoda (Marathi: काळा घोडा) is a precinct or district in South Mumbai, India.
The name means Black Horse,
a reference to a black stone statue of King Edward VII (as the then
Prince of Wales) mounted on a horse it was actually build by the famous
Jewish businessman and the greatest person who contributed a lot to the
city of mumbai Sir David Sassoon who owned Most of the property of this
area later also a Library and a lane named after him . Although this
statue was removed in 1965 to storehouses of the Bhau Daji Lad Museum
(formerly the Victoria & Albert Museum (Mumbai)) in Byculla, Central
Mumbai, the name persists. The statue is now in the Jijamata Udyan in Byculla.}
"The Plague in Bombay: House to House Visitation,BY DOCTOR" from the Illustrated London News, 1898 (with modern hand coloring)
kala Ghoda statue
BELOW -STANDING IN MIDDLE OF ROAD IS THE BOMBAY POLICE MAN
PYDOWNIE STREET/MOHAMMED ALI ROAD. Most popular for all-night eating during the fasting month of Ramadan, the congested
1902 CAR IN BOMBAY:-[cars were originally called as 'horseless carriages']
Sir
(Rustomjee Cowasjee Cursetjee) Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy, 5th Bt; Sir Charles
William Cayzer, 1st Bt; Miss Cayzer; Miss Jejeebhoy; Sir Jamsetjee
Manockjee Cursetjee Jejeebhoy, 4th Bt-1902[BEware of photo hacker-ww.npg.org.uk
Miss
Cayzer; Sir Jamsetjee Manockjee Cursetjee Jejeebhoy, 4th Bt; Miss
Jejeebhoy; Sir (Rustomjee Cowasjee Cursetjee) Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy, 5th
Bt
CARS CAME TO INDIA IN 1898.THIS CAR NUMBER PLATE-REG:NO: 36-[-MAY BE THE 36TH CAR IN INDIA ]
History -- Early years[The first speed limits in the United Kingdom were set by a series of restrictive Locomotive Acts (in 1861,The 1865 (the 'red flag act') reduced the speed limit to 4 mph (6 km/h) in the country and 2 mph (3 km/h) in towns and required a man with a red flag or lantern to walk 60 yards (50 m) ahead of each vehicle, and warn horse riders and horse drawn traffic of the approach of a self-propelled machine;1904Under the Motor Car Act every road going vehicle had to be registered; cars and bikes had to carry front and rear registration plates
The London to Brighton Veteran Car Run 2010
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| SARDAR MIR ALI BAHDUR THE FIRST DETECTIVE OF POLICE OF BOMBAY IN 19TH CETURY |
'GATE WAY OF INDIA' BUILT HERE LATER; ALSO (PHOTO BELOW)
Rickshaw pullers playing cards 19 th century
A 1905 Humber car , photographed in Bombay-(ONE OF THE FIRST CARS IN BOMBAY)
FIRST FLEET OF TAXI CARS IN BOMBAY 1910;THE PASSENGER SAT IN THE
COVERED CABIN WHILE THE TAXI DRIVER SAT IN THE OPEN FRONT ;JUST SAME
ARRANGEMENT AS A HORSE CARRIAGE
TAXIS IN NEW YORK 1914-SIMILAR 20 CARS WERE IMPORTED FOR USE AS TAXI IN INDIA ;MAINLY FOR CALCUTTA,BOMBAY
Mr Jinnah on a car ride with a Parsi friend
NEW CAR SHOW ROOM 1910
DE DION BUTON CAR-1912-cars mostly handle start;self starting cars were made from 1912 onwards
THE MAN STARTING HIS CAR ; (BY CRANKING THE STARTING HANDLE WAS THE ONLY WAY ,BEFORE SELF STARTER WAS DISCOVERED)
Scribe
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